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Catharism was a Christian sect considered heretical that developed in Western Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries.
The religion flourished in an area known as the Languedoc, widely bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, the Pyrenees, and the Garonne, Tarn, and Rhône rivers and corresponding to the new French region of Occitanie (or the former French regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées).
The Cathars rejected the teachings of the Catholic Church and criticized it, according to them, for its hypocrisy, the greed and lasciviousness of its clergy, and the acquisition of land and wealth. So they were condemned as heretics by the Catholic Church and massacred in the Albigensian Crusade (1209-1229 AD) which also devastated the cities of southern France.
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