480 articles
Medieval decoration
Learn to distinguish candlesticks and candlesticks, learn about documented historical examples, and understand the shapes of current wrought iron supports.
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Medieval history
The Metropolitan Museum of Art preserves an 80-inch 15th-century Italian hammer. We review its file, the use attributed to it by the museum and the limits of what...
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Popular culture
The fictional pirate did not wear a universal uniform. Discover how stories, illustrations and cinema transformed hats, weapons and accessories into a cultural icon.
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Crusades
Who were the Templars and what relationship did they have with the Crusades? We review his origin, his religious and military life, the process of 1307–1312 and the...
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Axes
A visual guide to identify the blade and mounting of the berdiche, compare it to the halberd, and distinguish modern reproductions from historical evidence.
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Medieval accessories
History and fiction mix in the pirate patch. Learn the limits of night vision theory and the keys to incorporating it into a character.
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Armour
What do we know about the armor of Joan of Arc, Petronilla of Grandmesnil and Margaret of Beverley. Testimonies, legends and keys to distinguish history and fantasy.
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Armour
Learn to recognize a backplate, distinguish it from the breastplate and understand its place in the armor. With historical context, photographs of reproductions and a visual diagram.
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Woodworking
Why does one ax cut branches and another open trunks? The direction of the grain, the shape of the head and the carpentry work explain its versatility, with...
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Armour
What each term means, what area of the arm or hand it covers and how to distinguish a documented reproduction from a medieval-inspired accessory. With examples from museums...
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Armour
The shape of a codal is understood by bending the arm. Discover how the cup, guards and launaes worked, and what historical examples teach about the mobility of...
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Axes
Discover how the dolabra combined ax and pickaxe, what work it did in the legions and what the findings of tools and protections of its blade reveal.
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Historical clothing
The shape of the collar changes the reading of a historical costume. Compare the fall of the valance, the folds of the lechuguilla and the support of the...
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Historical clothing
What the plates, rivets and closures of a leather garment reveal, what is hidden in a photograph and how to distinguish medieval inspiration and historical construction.
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Medieval accessories
How to interpret the headdresses of a medieval peasant woman: differences between net, cap and veil, clues from historical images and criteria for a recreation with context.
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Medieval accessories
The junction between the shell and gorget can create folds or interferences in the nape of the neck, jaw and shoulders. Learn to observe their shapes, try the...
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Medieval accessories
Learn to interpret the gugel from its parts, Bocksten textiles and 15th century portraits. A guide to distinguishing hood, headdress, and historical reproduction.
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Historical clothing
Shifting necklines, tugging sleeves and pleats under the bodice: learn to locate and correct fit problems before a medieval fair, without confusing aesthetic inspiration and historical recreation.
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